See þrāan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þrāwan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: þrāwan\nMiddle English: throwen, thrawen, thorwen\nEnglish: throw\nNorthumbrian: thraa\nScots: thraw\nYola: drowe, draugh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: þrāwan\nMiddle English: throwen, thrawen, thorwen\nEnglish: throw\nNorthumbrian: thraa\nScots: thraw\nYola: drowe, draugh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "thrāia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: thrāia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: thrāia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "treie"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: treie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: treie"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "draaie",
"3": "triuwe"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: draaie, triuwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: draaie, triuwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thrāian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: thrāian\nMiddle Low German: dreien, dreyen, drêgen, dreigen\nGerman Low German: dreihen\nLow German: draien, dreien\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: dreie\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dreie\n→ Swedish: dreja\n→ Danish: dreje",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: thrāian\nMiddle Low German: dreien, dreyen, drêgen, dreigen\nGerman Low German: dreihen\nLow German: draien, dreien\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: dreie\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dreie\n→ Swedish: dreja\n→ Danish: dreje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "thrāien"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: thrāien\nMiddle Dutch: drâyen\nDutch: draaien\nLimburgish: drejje, dreie",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: thrāien\nMiddle Dutch: drâyen\nDutch: draaien\nLimburgish: drejje, dreie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "drāen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: drāen\nMiddle High German: dræjen, dræn\nBavarian: drahn\nCimbrian: dréenan\nCentral Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne\nHunsrik: drehe\nLuxembourgish: dréien, dréinen\nGerman: drehen\nYiddish: דרייען (dreyen)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: drāen\nMiddle High German: dræjen, dræn\nBavarian: drahn\nCimbrian: dréenan\nCentral Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne\nHunsrik: drehe\nLuxembourgish: dréien, dréinen\nGerman: drehen\nYiddish: דרייען (dreyen)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrēaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrēaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þrēaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*þrāan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þrāan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to twist"
],
"id": "en-þrāan-gmw-pro-verb-yLU83-d1",
"links": [
[
"twist",
"twist"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "þrāan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þrāwan"
},
"expansion": "Old English: þrāwan\nMiddle English: throwen, thrawen, thorwen\nEnglish: throw\nNorthumbrian: thraa\nScots: thraw\nYola: drowe, draugh",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: þrāwan\nMiddle English: throwen, thrawen, thorwen\nEnglish: throw\nNorthumbrian: thraa\nScots: thraw\nYola: drowe, draugh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "thrāia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: thrāia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: thrāia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "treie"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: treie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: treie"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "draaie",
"3": "triuwe"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: draaie, triuwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: draaie, triuwe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "thrāian"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: thrāian\nMiddle Low German: dreien, dreyen, drêgen, dreigen\nGerman Low German: dreihen\nLow German: draien, dreien\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: dreie\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dreie\n→ Swedish: dreja\n→ Danish: dreje",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: thrāian\nMiddle Low German: dreien, dreyen, drêgen, dreigen\nGerman Low German: dreihen\nLow German: draien, dreien\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: dreie\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: dreie\n→ Swedish: dreja\n→ Danish: dreje"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "thrāien"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: thrāien\nMiddle Dutch: drâyen\nDutch: draaien\nLimburgish: drejje, dreie",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: thrāien\nMiddle Dutch: drâyen\nDutch: draaien\nLimburgish: drejje, dreie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "drāen"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: drāen\nMiddle High German: dræjen, dræn\nBavarian: drahn\nCimbrian: dréenan\nCentral Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne\nHunsrik: drehe\nLuxembourgish: dréien, dréinen\nGerman: drehen\nYiddish: דרייען (dreyen)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: drāen\nMiddle High German: dræjen, dræn\nBavarian: drahn\nCimbrian: dréenan\nCentral Franconian: driehe, drähe, drähne\nHunsrik: drehe\nLuxembourgish: dréien, dréinen\nGerman: drehen\nYiddish: דרייען (dreyen)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þrēaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þrēaną",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *þrēaną.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrēīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "þrā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "þrāan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*þrāan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þrāan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-West Germanic class 7d strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to twist"
],
"links": [
[
"twist",
"twist"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "þrāan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for þrāan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (af5c55c and 66545a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.